大學 Biology

Question 1

The Na+/K+ ATPase pump actively transports 3 sodium ions out of the cell and 2 potassium ions into the cell, using ATP hydrolysis.

Accepted Answer

o

Question 2

What is the primary reason cells are small, related to their surface area and volume?

Accepted Answer

Adequate surface area to volume ratio

Question 3

Which component of the cell membrane is primarily responsible for forming the basic structure, with hydrophilic heads facing outwards and hydrophobic tails facing inwards?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 4

The Cell Theory, established between 1839 and 1855, states that all organisms consist of one or more cells.

Accepted Answer

o

Question 5

What is the term for the process where water molecules move across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 6

What is the main function of ribosomes in a bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 7

Glycoproteins, formed by carbohydrates attached to proteins, are primarily found on the extracellular side of the cell membrane and play a role in cell recognition.

Accepted Answer

o

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

1

Question 9

Exocytosis is a process by which cells take in substances from the external environment.

Accepted Answer

x

Question 10

What is the function of cholesterol in the animal cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Regulate membrane fluidity

Question 11

Which type of active transport directly uses the energy released from the hydrolysis of ATP to move substances?

Accepted Answer

0

Question 12

Active transport moves substances across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient.

Accepted Answer

o

Question 13

Which of the following is the smallest unit of measurement commonly used in cell biology?

Accepted Answer

2

Question 14

Facilitated diffusion requires energy in the form of ATP to move substances across the membrane.

Accepted Answer

x

Question 15

The fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane as a rigid structure with fixed components.

Accepted Answer

x

Question 16

Prokaryotic cells possess membrane-bound organelles, such as a nucleus.

Accepted Answer

x

Question 17

What is the term for the inward folding or outward protrusion of the cell membrane that increases surface area, as seen in intestinal mucosal cells?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli

Question 18

What is the process called when a cell engulfs a large particle or entire cell, such as in phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 19

Which type of membrane transport involves the movement of molecules across the membrane down their concentration gradient without the assistance of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

2

Question 20

The plasma membrane acts as a selectively permeable barrier, controlling the passage of substances into and out of the cell.

Accepted Answer

o