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Cell and Molecular Biology Lecture_organized.pdf
อนุญาตให้ดูระหว่างทำข้อสอบ
ห้องเรียน
เรียงลำดับ
มหาวิทยาลัย
วิทยาศาสตร์
Cell and Molecular Biology
Plaipol Dedvis
127
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แสดงคำตอบ
public quiz
ปัญหา 1
เลือกประเภท
Which of the following statements best describes a key difference in translation initiation between bacterial and eukaryotic cells?
- Bacterial cells use a 5' cap to initiate translation, while eukaryotic cells use a Shine-Dalgarno sequence.
- Bacterial cells use a Shine-Dalgarno sequence to direct ribosomes to the start codon, while eukaryotic cells use a 5' cap and scanning mechanism.
- Eukaryotic cells require initiation factors (IFs) while bacteria do not
- The start codon in bacteria is typically methionine, while in eukaryotes it is formylmethionine.
ปัญหา 2
เลือกประเภท
Which of the following statements best describes the attenuation process of the trp operon at high tryptophan concentrations?
- The ribosome stalls at the leader sequence, allowing transcription of the entire operon.
- The trp repressor binds to the operator, blocking transcription.
- The leader sequence forms a terminator loop, preventing transcription of the structural genes.
- Attenuation does not occur at high tryptophan concentrations.
ปัญหา 3
เลือกประเภท
Which histone modification typically increases gene expression?
- Deacetylation
- Phosphorylation
- Acetylation
- Methylation
ปัญหา 4
เลือกประเภท
During transcription, RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA in the:
- 5' → 3' direction using the 3' → 5' DNA template strand
- 3' → 5' direction using the 5' → 3' DNA template strand
- 5' → 3' direction using the 5' → 3' DNA template strand
- 3' → 5' direction using the 3' → 5' DNA template strand
ปัญหา 5
เลือกประเภท
Given the following coding DNA strand (with annotated regions):
What is the corresponding mRNA sequence?
- 5'-AUCGAUCGAUCGUACGUACG-3'
- 3'-AUCGAUCGAUCGUACGUACG-5'
- 5'-TAGCTAGCTAGCATGCATGC-3'
- 5'-UAGCUAGCUAGCAUGCAUGC-3'
ปัญหา 6
เลือกประเภท
How does aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase recognize the correct tRNA?
- By reading the codon on the mRNA
- By binding to the ribosomal A-site
- Through anticodon-codon pairing
- By recognizing structural features and the anticodon loop
ปัญหา 7
เลือกประเภท
Which ribosomal site does a new aminoacyl-tRNA enter during elongation?
- E site
- P site
- A site
- T site
ปัญหา 8
เลือกประเภท
Which of the following is NOT a stop codon (from 5' to 3' direction)?
- UGA
- UAG
- UAA
- AUG
ปัญหา 9
เลือกประเภท
Shown in the Figure is a diagram of high-resolution electron micrograph that illustrates some essential cellular processes. What does Structure A most likely represent in the electron micrograph?
- DNA template strand
- Ribosome
- mRNA strand
- Golgi apparatus
ปัญหา 10
เลือกประเภท
Shown in the Figure is a diagram of high-resolution electron micrograph that illustrates some essential cellular processes. What is Structure C, forming a growing chain?
- DNA polymerase
- Ribosomal large subunit
- mRNA
- Protein chain
ปัญหา 11
เลือกประเภท
What is Structure D, appearing as a larger molecular complex attached to mRNA (Structure E)?
- tRNA
- DNA repair complex
- Ribosomal complex
- Golgi vesicle
ปัญหา 12
เลือกประเภท
What label is appropriate for the left end (f) of structure A (DNA strand)?
- N terminus
- C terminus
- 3' end
- 5' end
ปัญหา 13
เลือกประเภท
What is the label for the beginning (i) of the polypeptide chain (structure C)?
- Amino terminus (N-terminus)
- C-terminus
- 5'-end
- 3'-end
ปัญหา 14
เลือกประเภท
Based on the diagram, which type of cell is this process most representative of?
- Eukaryotic cell only
- Prokaryotic cell only
- Could be either prokaryotic or eukaryotic
- Neither
ปัญหา 15
เลือกประเภท
Which feature would most help confirm that the diagram represents a prokaryotic cell rather than a eukaryotic one?
- Presence of mRNA
- A growing polypeptide
- Translation occurring in cytoplasm, while transcription is still occurring.
- 5’ cap and poly-A tail on mRNA
ปัญหา 16
เลือกประเภท
Please design a pair of primers to amplify the full-length of the open reading frame (ORF; From start to stop codon) of this gene by PCR (The length of both primers is 20 base pair).
- 5’-ATGGCTAACAAAAAAGTAAC-3’ and 5'-TGCATTTCAGAAAGAGAAAATAA-3'
- 5'-TGCATTTCAGAAAGAGAAAATAA-3' and 5'-GTTACTTTTTTGTTAGCCAT-3'
- 5’-ATGGCTAACAAAAAAGTAAC-3’ and 5’TTATTTTCTCTTTCTGAAATGCAAT-3’
- 5’TTATTTTCTCTTTCTGAAATGCAAT-3’ and 5'-TGCATTTCAGAAAGAGAAAATAA-3'
ปัญหา 17
เลือกประเภท
Why can’t eukaryotic translation be coupled to transcription?
- Eukaryotic ribosomes are inactive
- DNA is in the cytoplasm
- Transcription occurs in the nucleus, translation in the cytoplasm
- D. Eukaryotes have no operons
ปัญหา 18
เลือกประเภท
Eukaryotic mRNAs are usually:
- Polycistronic
- Monocistronic
- Circular DNA
- Intronic-free
ปัญหา 19
เลือกประเภท
What is the purpose of the 5’ cap on eukaryotic mRNA?
- Marks the end of transcription
- Initiates DNA replication
- Assists ribosome binding
- Targets the mRNA for degradation
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