In glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of what compound?

• Pyruvic acid

• PYRUVATE

Where does the citric acid cycle occur in eukaryotic cells?

• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus
• Mitochondria
• Cell membrane

In aerobic carbohydrate metabolism, the byproducts include lactate and carbon dioxide.

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

• NAD+
• FAD
• Oxygen
• Water

Which enzyme converts ADP to ATP by adding an inorganic phosphate?

• ATP synthase

During which step of the citric acid cycle is GTP produced?

• Condensation of citrate
• Formation of fumarate
• Conversion of succinyl-CoA to succinate
• Oxidation of isocitrate

FADH2 oxidation in the electron transport chain produces 2.5 ATP.

What molecule is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

• Oxygen

What byproduct is formed from alcoholic fermentation?

• Lactic acid
• Ethanol
• Acetyl-CoA
• Glucose

What happens to the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain if no oxygen is available?

• They accelerate
• They produce more ATP
• They cannot function
• They produce ethanol

Which molecule acts as an electron carrier in the electron transport chain?

• ATP
• Glucose
• NADH
• Lactate

What is the main energy currency of the cell?

• ADP
• ATP
• NADH
• FADH2

In which cellular organelle does the citric acid cycle occur?

• Mitochondria

Which enzyme is responsible for converting ADP to ATP?

• Lipase
• Amylase
• ATP synthase
• Protease

What are the two main types of fermentation in anaerobic conditions?

• Lactic acid and alcoholic

What type of phosphorylation occurs during the citric acid cycle?

• Substrate-level phosphorylation

Anaerobic glycolysis results in the production of lactate in muscle cells.

What is the primary purpose of glycolysis in cellular respiration?

• To produce oxygen
• To convert glucose into pyruvate
• To generate water
• To convert ADP into ATP

The electron transport chain is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Which process regenerates NAD+ from NADH allowing glycolysis to continue under anaerobic conditions?

• Citric acid cycle
• Electron transport chain
• Fermentation
• Oxidative phosphorylation