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Hormone and Phytochrome(copy)

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MASPAITILLA MA

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# 1pilihan
What is the primary difference between steroid and non-steroid hormones in terms of their solubility?
Steroid hormones are water-soluble, non-steroid hormones are lipid-soluble
Steroid hormones are lipid-soluble, non-steroid hormones are water-soluble
Both types are lipid-soluble
Both types are water-soluble
# 2pilihan
Which type of hormone typically requires a secondary messenger for its action?
Steroid hormones
Non-steroid hormones
Both types require secondary messengers
Neither type requires secondary messengers
# 3pilihan
Where are the receptors for steroid hormones generally located?
On the cell membrane
In the cytoplasm or nucleus
In the extracellular matrix
Outside the organism
# 4pilihan
What is a common example of a steroid hormone?
Insulin
Adrenaline
Estrogen
Glucagon
# 5pilihan
What role do non-steroid hormones typically play in the body?
They act as enzymes
They regulate metabolic activities
They serve as structural proteins
They are primarily neurotransmitters
# 6pilihan
How do steroid hormones typically affect gene expression?
By binding to cell surface receptors
By activating enzymes in the cytoplasm
By directly interacting with DNA
By inhibiting transcription factors
# 7pilihan
Which of the following is a characteristic of non-steroid hormone action?
Long-lasting effects
Rapid response time
Permanent changes to DNA
Direct entry into the cell
# 8pilihan
Which hormone type is more likely to have prolonged effects in the body?
Steroid hormones
Non-steroid hormones
Both have equal effects
Neither has prolonged effects
# 9pilihan
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of non-steroid hormone action?
Binding to cell surface receptors
Activation of secondary messengers
Direct DNA interaction
Enzyme activation
# 10pilihan
What is the primary role of the second messenger cAMP in cellular signaling?
To directly activate DNA transcription
To catalyze the breakdown of ATP
To relay and amplify the signal from a first messenger to target molecules inside the cell
To transport ions across the cell membrane
# 11Jawapan pendek
Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of ATP to cAMP?
Adenylyl cyclase
adenylyl cyclase
# 12pilihan
What is the effect of cAMP on protein kinase A (PKA)?
Inhibits PKA activity
Directly phosphorylates PKA
Activates PKA by binding to its regulatory subunits
Degrades PKA
# 13pilihan
Which of the following hormones uses cAMP as a second messenger?
Insulin
Epinephrine
Thyroxine
Estrogen
# 14pilihan
Which molecule is a precursor for cAMP synthesis?
GTP
ATP
CTP
GDP
# 15pilihan
Which form of phytochrome is biologically active?
Pr
Pfr
Pdark
Pactive
# 16pilihan
How do long-day plants respond to night length?
They flower when nights are long
They flower when nights are short
They do not depend on night length
They only flower in complete darkness
# 17pilihan
What happens to the Pr form of phytochrome when it absorbs red light?
It becomes Pfr
It degrades
It stays unchanged
It converts to Prf
# 18pilihan
Which type of light converts phytochrome from Pfr to Pr?
Blue light
Red light
Far-red light
Green light
# 19pilihan
What is the significance of phytochrome in photoperiodism?
It controls leaf color changes
It regulates flowering timing
It influences root growth
It manages plant respiration
# 20pilihan
How do short-day plants and long-day plants differ in their phytochrome-mediated flowering response?
Short-day plants need longer nights; long-day plants need shorter nights
Both need the same night length
Short-day plants ignore night length; long-day plants need longer nights
Both need continuous light
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