LEVEL 3 : "FINAL SPLIT"

Question 1

A scientist observes cell undergoing division but notices that homologous chromosomes are pairing up and exchanging genetic material. Which of the following best describes the type of cell division ?

Accepted Answer

B) Meiosis I

Question 2

A new drug is developed to stop the cell cycle at anaphase. What immediate effect would this have on mitosis?

Accepted Answer

C) Sister chromatids would not separate properly

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why meiosis, rather than mitosis, is necessary for sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

C) Meiosis reduces chromosome number to maintain stability in offspring.

Question 4

Jellyfish can reproduce both sexually and asexually. In times of environmental stress, why might sexual reproduction (meiosis) be more advantageous than asexual reproduction (mitosis)?

Accepted Answer

B) Meiosis increases genetic variation, which can help the species adapt

Question 5

A cell is observed under a microscope, and its chromosomes are aligned at the center of the cell. However, the spindle fibers is malfunctioning. What is the most likely consequence of this error ?

Accepted Answer

C) Sister chromatids will not separate

Question 6

A genetic disorder occurs due to nondisjunction, where homologous chromosomes fail to separate properly during cell division. Which of the following is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

B) Cells with extra or missing chromosomes

Question 7

Which statement best explains why these tissues undergo different types of division?

Accepted Answer

B) Sample X undergoes mitosis to replace old cells, while Sample Y undergoes meiosis to produce genetically diverse gametes.

Question 8

If a scientist wanted to develop a new method to prevent cancerous cells from multiplying, which phase of mitosis should they target and why?

Accepted Answer

C) Anaphase, to stop the separation of chromatids

Question 9

A geneticist is studying a rare mutation that affects crossing over during meiosis. Which of the following outcomes is most likely to be observed in organisms with this mutation?

Accepted Answer

A) Reduced genetic variation in offspring due to the absence of recombination

Question 10

Explain why meiosis is important for sexual reproduction.

Accepted Answer

Meiosis is important for sexual reproduction because it reduces the chromosome number by half, ensuring that when gametes fuse during fertilization, the offspring has the correct number of chromosomes, It also introduces genetic variation through crossing over leading to genetically unique offspring.

Question 11

What would happen if mitosis did not occur properly in an organism?

Accepted Answer

If mitosis did not occur properly, cells might have abnormal chromosome numbers, leading to genetic disorders. This can cause tissue damage, or even diseases like cancer, If mitosis did not occur properly, cells might have abnormal chromosome numbers, leading to genetic disorders., cells might have abnormal chromosome numbers

Question 12

Describe one major difference between metaphase in mitosis and metaphase I in meiosis.

Accepted Answer

In metaphase of mitosis, chromosomes line up at the center of the cell. in metaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosome pairs line up together, metaphase in mitosis, chromosomes are arranged in an equatorial plane. metaphase in meiosis. homologous chromosome pairs together and arrange in equatorial plane

Question 13

How does the process of crossing over in meiosis contribute to genetic variation in offspring?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis, where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. This results in new combinations of alleles, increasing genetic diversity in offspring., Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis, where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic informations, homologous chromosomes pair together, crossing over occurs that is the exchange of genetic information between chromosomes, homologous chromosomes pair together, crossing over occurs that is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes

Question 14

A scientist examines a cell and notices that the sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles. What stage of cell division is this, and how this process differ between mitosis and meiosis ?

Accepted Answer

The cell is in anaphase. In mitosis, sister chromatids separate to produce identical daughter cells. In meiosis, this happens during anaphase II, but in anaphase I, homologous chromosomes separate

Question 15

Why is it important that gametes produced through meiosis have half the chromosome number of normal body cells?

Accepted Answer

Gametes must have half the chromosome number so that when fertilization occurs, the resulting zygote has the correct diploid number and prevents genetic abnormalities.